Venn Diagrams for Propositions

On the circles in this help file the letters SP are used. In LogicCoach more descriptive letters are used as appropriate. To discover the full meaning of the letter, click on it. The meaning will then appear highlighted in the English argument.

Diagram for an A proposition:
Since all S are P, none of the members of S lie outside of the P circle. So, it is shaded to indicate that it is empty.

Diagram for an E proposition:
Since no S are P, none of the members of S lie inside of the P circle. So, it is shaded to indicate that it is empty.

Diagram for an I proposition:
Since some S is P, an X is placed in the common area of both to indicate that it is not empty; i.e., to indicate that one or more things are in there.

Diagram for an O proposition:
Since some S is not P, an X is placed in the S circle outside of the P circle to indicate that it is not empty; i.e., to indicate that one or more things are in there.

Diagram for an A proposition: Since all S are P, none of the members of S lie outside of the P circle. So, it is shaded to indicate that it is empty.
	Diagram for an E proposition: Since no S are P, none of the members of S lie inside of the P circle. So, it is shaded to indicate that it is empty.
Diagram for an I proposition: Since some S is P, an X is placed in the common area of both to indicate that it is not empty; i.e., to indicate that one or more things are in there.
	Diagram for an O proposition: Since some S is not P, an X is placed in the S circle outside of the P circle to indicate that it is not empty; i.e., to indicate that one or more things are in there.